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South America

Geography of South America

South America is the fourth largest continent in size and the fifth largest in population. It is located primarily in the southern hemisphere, is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the West. The geography of South America is dominated by the Andes Mountain Range and the Amazon River (second longest river in the world).

Prior to European colonization, the Incan Civilization was a dominant force in South America. In the 1500's, Spain and Portugal colonized much of South America. The colonies gained independence in the 1800's with the help of leaders such as Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin. As a result, much of South America still speaks Spanish and Portuguese is the primary language of Brazil.



Countries of South America

Learn more about the countries from the continent of South America. Get all sorts of information on each South American country including a map, a picture of the flag, population and much more. Select the country below for more information:

Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
French Guiana
Guyana
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Uruguay
Venezuela


Fun Facts about South America:

The highest point in South America is Cerro Aconagua in the Andes Mountains in the country of Argentina.

The largest South American country in both size and population is Brazil. The largest city is Sao Paulo, Brazil, which is the fifth largest country in the world.

North and South America were named after Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci.

The highest waterfall in the world is Santo del Angel. It is almost 1000 meters high!

For more see Encyclopedia Jr - Americas.

Back to Geography Home Page

 

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