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India

Country Flag

Capital: New Delhi

Population: 1,095,351,995

Country Map


The Geography of India

Total Size: 3,287,590 square km

Size Comparison: slightly more than one-third the size of the US

Geographical Coordinates: 20 00 N, 77 00 E

World Region: Asia

General Terrain: upland plain (Deccan Plateau) in south, flat to rolling plain along the Ganges, deserts in west, Himalayas in north

Geographical Low Point: Indian Ocean 0 m

Geographical High Point: Kanchenjunga 8,598 m

Climate: varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north

The People of India

Type of Government: federal republic

Languages Spoken: English enjoys associate status but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language

Independence: 15 August 1947 (from UK)

National Holiday: Republic Day, 26 January (1950)

Nationality: Indian(s)

Religions: Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.1% (2001 census)

Economy of India

Major Industries: textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, software

Agricultural Products: rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, potatoes; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry; fish

Natural Resources: coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world), iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, titanium ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land

Major Exports: textile goods, gems and jewelry, engineering goods, chemicals, leather manufactures

Major Imports: crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, chemicals

Currency: Indian rupee (INR)

National GDP: $3,611,000,000,000

Total Export Revenue: $76,230,000,000

Brief History of India:

The Indus Valley civilization, one of the oldest in the world, dates back at least 5,000 years. Aryan tribes from the northwest infiltrated onto Indian lands about 1500 B.C.; their merger with the earlier Dravidian inhabitants created the classical Indian


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