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Afghanistan

Country Flag

Capital: Kabul

Population: 31,056,997

Country Map


The Geography of Afghanistan

Total Size: 647,500 square km

Size Comparison: slightly smaller than Texas

Geographical Coordinates: 33 00 N, 65 00 E

World Region: Asia

General Terrain: mostly rugged mountains; plains in north and southwest

Geographical Low Point: Amu Darya 258 m

Geographical High Point: Nowshak 7,485 m

Climate: arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot summers

The People of Afghanistan

Type of Government: Islamic republic

Languages Spoken: Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 50%, Pashtu (official) 35%, Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages (primarily Balochi and Pashai) 4%, much bilingualism

Independence: 19 August 1919 (from UK control over Afghan foreign affairs)

National Holiday: Independence Day, 19 August (1919)

Nationality: Afghan(s)

Religions: Sunni Muslim 80%, Shi'a Muslim 19%, other 1%

Economy of Afghanistan

Major Industries: small-scale production of textiles, soap, furniture, shoes, fertilizer, cement; handwoven carpets; natural gas, coal, copper

Agricultural Products: opium, wheat, fruits, nuts; wool, mutton, sheepskins, lambskins

Natural Resources: natural gas, petroleum, coal, copper, chromite, talc, barites, sulfur, lead, zinc, iron ore, salt, precious and semiprecious stones

Major Exports: opium, fruits and nuts, handwoven carpets, wool, cotton, hides and pelts, precious and semi-precious gems

Major Imports: capital goods, food, textiles, petroleum products

Currency: afghani (AFA)

National GDP: $21,500,000,000

Total Export Revenue: $471,000,000

Brief History of Afghanistan:

Ahmad Shah DURRANI unified the Pashtun tribes and founded Afghanistan in 1747. The country served as a buffer between the British and Russian empires until it won independence from notional British control in 1919. A brief experiment in democracy ended in


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