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Tajikistan Capital: Dushanbe Population: 7,320,815 The Geography of Tajikistan Total Size: 143,100 square km Size Comparison: slightly smaller than Wisconsin Geographical Coordinates: 39 00 N, 71 00 E World Region: Asia General Terrain: Pamir and Alay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest Geographical Low Point: Syr Darya (Sirdaryo) 300 m Geographical High Point: Qullai Ismoili Somoni 7,495 m Climate: midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains The People of Tajikistan Type of Government: republic Languages Spoken: Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and business Independence: 9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union) National Holiday: Independence Day (or National Day), 9 September (1991) Nationality: Tajikistani(s) Religions: Sunni Muslim 85%, Shi'a Muslim 5%, other 10% (2003 est.) Economy of Tajikistan Major Industries: aluminum, zinc, lead; chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers Agricultural Products: cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats Natural Resources: hydropower, some petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, silver, gold Major Exports: aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles Major Imports: electricity, petroleum products, aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs Currency: somoni National GDP: $8,730,000,000 Total Export Revenue: $950,000,000 Brief History of Tajikistan: The Tajik people came under Russian rule in the 1860s and 1870s, but Russia's hold on Central Asia weakened following the Revolution of 1917. Bolshevik control of the area was fiercely contested and not fully reestablished until 1925. Tajikistan became independent in 1991 following the breakup of the Soviet Union, and it is now in the process of strengthening its democracy and transitioning to a free market economy after its 1992-1997 civil war. There have been no major security incidents in recent years, although the country remains the poorest in the former Soviet sphere. Attention by the international community in the wake of the war in Afghanistan has brought increased economic development assistance, which could create jobs and increase stability in the long term. Tajikistan is in the early stages of seeking World Trade Organization membership and has joined NATO's Partnership for Peace. Back to Geography Home Page

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