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Greece

Country Flag

Capital: Athens

Population: 10,688,058

Country Map


The Geography of Greece

Total Size: 131,940 square km

Size Comparison: slightly smaller than Alabama

Geographical Coordinates: 39 00 N, 22 00 E

World Region: Europe

General Terrain: mostly mountains with ranges extending into the sea as peninsulas or chains of islands

Geographical Low Point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m

Geographical High Point: Mount Olympus 2,917 m

Climate: temperate; mild, wet winters; hot, dry summers

The People of Greece

Type of Government: parliamentary republic

Languages Spoken: Greek 99% (official), English, French

Independence: 1829 (from the Ottoman Empire)

National Holiday: Independence Day, 25 March (1821)

Nationality: Greek(s)

Religions: Greek Orthodox 98%, Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%

Economy of Greece

Major Industries: tourism, food and tobacco processing, textiles, chemicals, metal products; mining, petroleum

Agricultural Products: wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, olives, tomatoes, wine, tobacco, potatoes; beef, dairy products

Natural Resources: lignite, petroleum, iron ore, bauxite, lead, zinc, nickel, magnesite, marble, salt, hydropower potential

Major Exports: food and beverages, manufactured goods, petroleum products, chemicals, textiles

Major Imports: machinery, transport equipment, fuels, chemicals

Currency: euro (EUR)

National GDP: $236,800,000,000

Total Export Revenue: $18,540,000,000

Brief History of Greece:

Greece achieved independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1829. During the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, it gradually added neighboring islands and territories, most with Greek-speaking populations. In World War II, Greece was first invaded by Italy (1940) and subsequently occupied by Germany (1941-44); fighting endured in a protracted civil war between supporters of the king and Communist rebels. Following the latter's defeat in 1949, Greece joined NATO in 1952. A military dictatorship, which in 1967 suspended many political liberties and forced the king to flee the country, lasted seven years. The 1974 democratic elections and a referendum created a parliamentary republic and abolished the monarchy. In 1981 Greece joined the EC (now the EU); it became the 12th member of the euro zone in 2001.


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