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Chemistry 101: Answers 

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1. Q: What determines the degree of completeness of a reaction?

D: equilibrium constant

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2. Q: What is the substance called that causes an alteration of the speed of a chemical reaction?

C: catalyst

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3. Q: What substance does not have catalytic capability, but does increase the effectiveness of a catalyst?

B: promoter

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4. Q: Who first proposed the atomic theory?

A: John Daltan

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5. Q: What is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid slightly exceeds the pressure of the atmosphere above the liquid?

B: boiling point

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6. Q: When the pressure on a liquid is increased, the boiling point:

A: goes up

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7. Q: What is the property of a fluid that prevents it from flowing when subjected to an applied force?

C: viscosity

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8. Q: High-viscosity fluids tend to:

A: resist flow

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9. Q: What theory states that equal volumes of different gases contain the same number of molecules when compared under the same conditions.

D: Avogadro's Law

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10. Q: What are atoms of the same element that differ in weight?

A: isotopes

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11. Q: Who first came up with the periodic table?

B: Dmitry Mendeleyev

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12. Q: What is the number of the element on the Periodic Table called?

D: atomic number

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13. Q: Who invented the X-ray?

A: Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

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14. Q: What is the center of the atom?

B: nucleus

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15. Q: Who's theory proposed that electrons are arranged in shells, or quantum levels, at a distance from the nucleus?

C: Bohr

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16. Q: If helium has an atomic number of 2, how many electrons does it have?

B: 2

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17. Q: According to Bohr's Theory, what is the maximum number of electron orbital layers?

D: 7

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18. Q: Which gas is not an inert gas?

A: oxygen

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19. Q: Inert gases have:

B: completely filled outer shells

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20. Q: Do inert gases enter into chemical combinations in nature?

A: no

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21. Q: The inner-most electron shell can contain how many electrons?

C: 2

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22. Q: Which is a proton donor?

A: acid

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23. Q: Which is a proton acceptor?

B: base

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24. Q: Alkali metals have:

A: low melting points

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25. Q: How many Alkali metals are there?

D: 6

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26. Q: Which is not an Alkali metal?

C: gold

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27. Q: What was Melvin Calvin was known for his study of?

B: photosythesis

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28. Q: What element is crucial to the existence of living organisms?

C: carbon

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29. Q: What is the process of rapid oxidation of a substance with simultaneous evolution of heat?

D: combustion

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30. Q: What is the gradual change of a liquid into a gas without boiling?

A: evaporation

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31. Q: What is the breaking down of a substance or compound into its simpler components?

B: decomposition

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32. Q: What are chemical changes in organic substances caused by the action of enzymes called?

D: fermentation

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33. Q: What compounds are formed by the reaction of acids and alcohols?

C: esters

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34. Q: Which of the following elements must be present for fire to exist?

A: oxygen or chlorine

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35. Q: What is the number of electrons that an atom can give to or accept from another atom in a chemical reaction?

B: valence

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36. Q: Who was key to developing the valence theory?

C: Sir Edward Franklin

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37. Q: What is the temperature at which a liquid congeals into the solid state at a given pressure?

D: freezing point

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38. Q: What is the change of a substance from the solid to the liquid state called?

B: fusion

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39. Q: Who invented vulcanization for the rubber industry?

A: Charles Goodyear

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40. Q: What process combines rubber and sulfer at a high temperature?

B: vulcanization

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41. Q: Who won the 1944 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his work in nuclear fission?

C: Otto Hahn

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42. Q: How many Halogens are there?

D: 5

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43. Q: What elements are Hydrocarbons composed of?

C: Hydrogen and Carbon

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44. Q: What is something called when it changes color in response to the nature of its chemical environment?

B: indicator

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45. Q: What color does Litmus change to in acid solutions?

A: red

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46. Q: What color does Litmus change to in basic solutions?

B: blue

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47. Q: What does an atom that loses an electron form?

A: cation

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48. Q: What does an atom that gains an electron form?

B: anion

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49. Q: What is one of two or more species of atom having an identical atomic number but differing in mass number called?

D: isotope

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50. Q: What is one of two or more molecules, having the same chemical compositions, but a differing arrangement of atoms?

A: isomer

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51. Q: Who invented the Carbon-14 dating method?

B: Williard Libby

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52. Q: Amalgams are types of what?

A: alloys

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53. Q: Alloys are:

C: combinations of metals

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54. Q: What is the ability of a solid substance to resist abrasion and surface deformation called?

A: hardness

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55. Q: What is the resistance to breakage called?

D: tensile strength

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56. Q: What is the ability to return to the original shape after being deformed called?

B: elasticity

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57. Q: What is the ability to be shaped called?

C: malleability

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58. Q: What is the sum of all the atomic weights of all the atoms in a molecule?

C: Molecular Weight

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59. Q: What is the smallest particle of a substance having the specific chemical properties of that substance?

B: molecule

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60. Q: What term indicates the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution?

D: pH

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61. Q: What is the chemical formula for salt?

A: NaCl

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62. Q: What is the chemical formula for water?

B: H2O

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63. Q: What is a solvent for salt?

D: water

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64. Q: Polymers are made up of smaller repeating units called?

C: monomers

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