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Syria

Country Flag

Capital: Damascus

Population: 18,881,361

Country Map


The Geography of Syria

Total Size: 185,180 square km

Size Comparison: slightly larger than North Dakota

Geographical Coordinates: 35 00 N, 38 00 E

World Region: Middle East

General Terrain: primarily semiarid and desert plateau; narrow coastal plain; mountains in west

Geographical Low Point: unnamed location near Lake Tiberias -200 m

Geographical High Point: Mount Hermon 2,814 m

Climate: mostly desert; hot, dry, sunny summers (June to August) and mild, rainy winters (December to February) along coast; cold weather with snow or sleet periodically in Damascus

The People of Syria

Type of Government: republic under an authoritarian, military-dominated regime

Languages Spoken: Arabic (official); Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, Circassian widely understood; French, English somewhat understood

Independence: 1 August 1291 (founding of the Swiss Confederation)

National Holiday: Independence Day, 17 April (1946)

Nationality: Syrian(s)

Religions: Sunni Muslim 74%, Alawite, Druze, and other Muslim sects 16%, Christian (various sects) 10%, Jewish (tiny communities in Damascus, Al Qamishli, and Aleppo)

Economy of Syria

Major Industries: petroleum, textiles, food processing, beverages, tobacco, phosphate rock mining

Agricultural Products: wheat, barley, cotton, lentils, chickpeas, olives, sugar beets; beef, mutton, eggs, poultry, milk

Natural Resources: petroleum, phosphates, chrome and manganese ores, asphalt, iron ore, rock salt, marble, gypsum, hydropower

Major Exports: crude oil, petroleum products, fruits and vegetables, cotton fiber, clothing, meat and live animals, wheat

Major Imports: machinery and transport equipment, electric power machinery, food and livestock, metal and metal products, chemicals and chemical products, plastics, yarn, paper

Currency: Syrian pound (SYP)

National GDP: $72,330,000,000

Total Export Revenue: $6,344,000,000

Brief History of Syria:

Following the breakup of the Ottoman Empire during World War I, France administered Syria until its independence in 1946. The country lacked political stability, however, and experienced a series of military coups during its first decades. Syria united wi


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