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Latvia

Country Flag

Capital: Riga

Population: 2,274,735

Country Map


The Geography of Latvia

Total Size: 64,589 square km

Size Comparison: slightly larger than West Virginia

Geographical Coordinates: 57 00 N, 25 00 E

World Region: Europe

General Terrain: low plain

Geographical Low Point: Baltic Sea 0 m

Geographical High Point: Gaizinkalns 312 m

Climate: maritime; wet, moderate winters

The People of Latvia

Type of Government: parliamentary democracy

Languages Spoken: Latvian (official) 58.2%, Russian 37.5%, Lithuanian and other 4.3% (2000 census)

Independence: 21 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

National Holiday: Independence Day, 18 November (1918); note - 18 November 1918 is the date Latvia declared itself independent from Soviet Russia; 4 May 1990 is when it declared the renewal of independence; 21 August 1991 is the date of de facto independence from the Soviet Union

Nationality: Latvian(s)

Religions: Lutheran, Roman Catholic, Russian Orthodox

Economy of Latvia

Major Industries: buses, vans, street and railroad cars; synthetic fibers, agricultural machinery, fertilizers, washing machines, radios, electronics, pharmaceuticals, processed foods, textiles; note - dependent on imports for energy and raw materials

Agricultural Products: grain, sugar beets, potatoes, vegetables; beef, pork, milk, eggs; fish

Natural Resources: peat, limestone, dolomite, amber, hydropower, wood, arable land

Major Exports: wood and wood products, machinery and equipment, metals, textiles, foodstuffs

Major Imports: machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, vehicles

Currency: Latvian lat (LVL)

National GDP: $30,290,000,000

Total Export Revenue: $5,749,000,000

Brief History of Latvia:

After a brief period of independence between the two World Wars, Latvia was annexed by the USSR in 1940. It reestablished its independence in 1991 following the breakup of the Soviet Union. Although the last Russian troops left in 1994, the status of the Russian minority (some 30% of the population) remains of concern to Moscow. Latvia joined both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004.


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