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Geography >> Europe >> Ireland History and Timeline

Ireland

Capital: Dublin

Population: 4,882,495

The Geography of Ireland

Borders: Ireland is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean. The Republic of Ireland takes up most of the island with Northern Ireland (which is part of the United Kingdom) taking up a northern section.

Country of Ireland Map
Total Size: 70,280 square km

Size Comparison: slightly larger than West Virginia

Geographical Coordinates: 53 00 N, 8 00 W

World Region or Continent: Europe

General Terrain: mostly level to rolling interior plain surrounded by rugged hills and low mountains; sea cliffs on west coast

Geographical Low Point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Geographical High Point: Carrauntoohil 1,041 m

Climate: temperate maritime; modified by North Atlantic Current; mild winters, cool summers; consistently humid; overcast about half the time

Major Cities: DUBLIN (capital) 1.084 million (2009), Belfast, Cork

Major Landforms: Macgillycuddy's Reeks mountain range, Wicklow Mountains, Mourne Mountains, Twelve Bens, Achill Island, Giant's Causeway, Cliffs of Moher, The Burren plateau, Bog of Allen

Major Bodies of Water: River Shannon, Barrow River, Blackwater River, Lough Neagh, Lough Erne, Lough Conn, St. George's Channel, Irish Sea, Atlantic Ocean

Famous Places: Barney Castle and the Blarney Stone, Boyne Palace, Ring of Kerry, Cliffs of Moher, Giant's Causeway, Aran Islands, The Burren, Trinity College in Dublin, Saint Patrick's Cathedral, River Shannon, Killarney National Park, Benbulbin, Dublin Castle, Croke Park

Economy of Ireland

Major Industries: steel, lead, zinc, silver, aluminum, barite, and gypsum mining processing; food products, brewing, textiles, clothing; chemicals, pharmaceuticals; machinery, rail transportation equipment, passenger and commercial vehicles, ship construction and refurbishment; glass and crystal; software, tourism

Agricultural Products: turnips, barley, potatoes, sugar beets, wheat; beef, dairy products

Natural Resources: natural gas, peat, copper, lead, zinc, silver, barite, gypsum, limestone, dolomite

Major Exports: machinery and equipment, computers, chemicals, pharmaceuticals; live animals, animal products

Major Imports: data processing equipment, other machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum and petroleum products, textiles, clothing


Irish Provinces
(click picture for larger view)
Currency: euro (EUR)

National GDP: $187,100,000,000

Government of Ireland

Type of Government: republic, parliamentary democracy

Independence: 6 December 1921 (from UK by treaty)

Divisions: Ireland is divided up into four provinces (Ulster, Munster, Leinster, and Connacht) and 26 counties. Northern Ireland is sometimes considered part of the region of Ulster and is divided into 6 counties. The largest counties in the Republic of Ireland by population are Dublin, Cork, and Galway. See the map to the right for the names and locations of all the provinces and counties.

National Anthem or Song: Amhran na bhFiann (The Soldier's Song)

National Symbols:
Country of Ireland Flag
Description of flag: The flag of Ireland was adopted in the early 1900s. It has three vertical stripes of green (left or hoist side), white (middle), and orange (right). It is often called the Irish tricolour. The color green represents the Gaelic traditions of Ireland, the white represents peace, and the orange represents the supporters of William of Orange.

National Holiday: Saint Patrick's Day, 17 March

Other Holidays: New Years' Day (January 1), Saint Patrick's Day (March 17), Easter, May Day, June Holiday, August Holiday, October Holiday, Christmas (December 25), Saint Stephen's Day (December 26).

The People of Ireland

Languages Spoken: English (official) is the language generally used, Irish (official) (Gaelic or Gaeilge) spoken mainly in areas located along the western seaboard

Nationality: Irishman(men), Irishwoman(women), Irish (collective plural)

Religions: Roman Catholic 88.4%, Church of Ireland 3%, other Christian 1.6%, other 1.5%, unspecified 2%, none 3.5% (2002 census)

Origin of the name Ireland: The name "Ireland" comes from the Irish word for the country "Eire." The word "Eire" comes from a Celtic goddess named Eiru.

Famous People:

Geography >> Europe >> Ireland History and Timeline


** Source for population (2019 est.) is United Nations. GDP (2011 est.) is CIA World Factbook.



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