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Tonga

Country Flag

Capital: Nuku'alofa

Population: 114,689

Country Map


The Geography of Tonga

Total Size: 748 square km

Size Comparison: four times the size of Washington, DC

Geographical Coordinates: 20 00 S, 175 00 W

World Region: Oceania

General Terrain: most islands have limestone base formed from uplifted coral formation; others have limestone overlying volcanic base

Geographical Low Point: Pacific Ocean 0 m

Geographical High Point: unnamed location on Kao Island 1,033 m

Climate: tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season (December to May), cool season (May to December)

The People of Tonga

Type of Government: constitutional monarchy

Languages Spoken: Tongan, English

Independence: 4 June 1970 (from UK protectorate)

National Holiday: Emancipation Day, 4 June (1970)

Nationality: Tongan(s)

Religions: Christian (Free Wesleyan Church claims over 30,000 adherents)

Economy of Tonga

Major Industries: tourism, fishing

Agricultural Products: squash, coconuts, copra, bananas, vanilla beans, cocoa, coffee, ginger, black pepper; fish

Natural Resources: fish, fertile soil

Major Exports: squash, fish, vanilla beans, root crops

Major Imports: foodstuffs, machinery and transport equipment, fuels, chemicals

Currency: pa'anga (TOP)

National GDP: $244,000,000

Total Export Revenue: $34,000,000

Brief History of Tonga:

Tonga - unique among Pacific nations - never completely lost its indigenous governance. The archipelagos of The Friendly Islands were united into a Polynesian kingdom in 1845. Tonga became a constitutional monarchy in 1875 and a British protectorate in 1900; it withdrew from the protectorate and joined the Commonwealth of Nations in 1970. Tonga remains the only monarchy in the Pacific.


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