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Spain Capital: Madrid Population: 40,397,842 The Geography of Spain Total Size: 504,782 square km Size Comparison: slightly more than twice the size of Oregon Geographical Coordinates: 40 00 N, 4 00 W World Region: Europe General Terrain: large, flat to dissected plateau surrounded by rugged hills; Pyrenees in north Geographical Low Point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m Geographical High Point: Pico de Teide (Tenerife) on Canary Islands 3,718 m Climate: temperate; clear, hot summers in interior, more moderate and cloudy along coast; cloudy, cold winters in interior, partly cloudy and cool along coast The People of Spain Type of Government: parliamentary monarchy Languages Spoken: Castilian Spanish 74%, Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2%; note - Castilian is the official language nationwide; the other languages are official regionally Independence: the Iberian peninsula was characterized by a variety of independent kingdoms prior to the Muslim occupation that began in the early 8th century AD and lasted nearly seven centuries; the small Christian redoubts of the north began the reconquest almost immediately, culminating in the seizure of Granada in 1492; this event completed the unification of several kingdoms and is traditionally considered the forging of present-day Spain National Holiday: National Day, 12 October Nationality: Spaniard(s) Religions: Roman Catholic 94%, other 6% Economy of Spain Major Industries: textiles and apparel (including footwear), food and beverages, metals and metal manufactures, chemicals, shipbuilding, automobiles, machine tools, tourism, clay and refractory products, footwear, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment Agricultural Products: grain, vegetables, olives, wine grapes, sugar beets, citrus; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; fish Natural Resources: coal, lignite, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, uranium, tungsten, mercury, pyrites, magnesite, fluorspar, gypsum, sepiolite, kaolin, potash, hydropower, arable land Major Exports: machinery, motor vehicles; foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, medicines, other consumer goods Major Imports: machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, semifinished goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods, measuring and medical control instruments Currency: euro (EUR) National GDP: $1,029,000,000,000 Total Export Revenue: $194,300,000,000 Brief History of Spain: Spain's powerful world empire of the 16th and 17th centuries ultimately yielded command of the seas to England. Subsequent failure to embrace the mercantile and industrial revolutions caused the country to fall behind Britain, France, and Germany in economic and political power. Spain remained neutral in World Wars I and II, but suffered through a devastating civil war (1936-39). A peaceful transition to democracy following the death of dictator Francisco FRANCO in 1975, and rapid economic modernization (Spain joined the EU in 1986), have given Spain one of the most dynamic economies in Europe and made it a global champion of freedom. Continuing challenges include Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) terrorism and relatively high unemployment. Back to Geography Home Page

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