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Somalia

Country Flag

Capital: Mogadishu

Population: 8,863,338

Country Map


The Geography of Somalia

Total Size: 637,657 square km

Size Comparison: slightly smaller than Texas

Geographical Coordinates: 10 00 N, 49 00 E

World Region: Africa

General Terrain: mostly flat to undulating plateau rising to hills in north

Geographical Low Point: Indian Ocean 0 m

Geographical High Point: Shimbiris 2,416 m

Climate: principally desert; northeast monsoon (December to February), moderate temperatures in north and very hot in south; southwest monsoon (May to October), torrid in the north and hot in the south, irregular rainfall, hot and humid periods (tangambili) between monsoons

The People of Somalia

Type of Government: no permanent national government; transitional, parliamentary federal government

Languages Spoken: Somali (official), Arabic, Italian, English

Independence: 1 July 1960 (from a merger of British Somaliland, which became independent from the UK on 26 June 1960, and Italian Somaliland, which became independent from the Italian-administered UN trusteeship on 1 July 1960, to form the Somali Republic)

National Holiday: Foundation of the Somali Republic, 1 July (1960); note - 26 June (1960) in Somaliland

Nationality: Somali(s)

Religions: Sunni Muslim

Economy of Somalia

Major Industries: a few light industries, including sugar refining, textiles, wireless communication

Agricultural Products: bananas, sorghum, corn, coconuts, rice, sugarcane, mangoes, sesame seeds, beans; cattle, sheep, goats; fish

Natural Resources: uranium and largely unexploited reserves of iron ore, tin, gypsum, bauxite, copper, salt, natural gas, likely oil reserves

Major Exports: livestock, bananas, hides, fish, charcoal, scrap metal

Major Imports: manufactures, petroleum products, foodstuffs, construction materials, qat

Currency: Somali shilling (SOS)

National GDP: $4,809,000,000

Total Export Revenue: $241,000,000

Brief History of Somalia:

Britain withdrew from British Somaliland in 1960 in order to allow its protectorate to join with Italian Somaliland and form the new nation of Somalia. In 1969, a coup headed by Mohamed SIAD Barre ushered in an authoritarian socialist rule that managed to


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