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Nigeria

Country Flag

Capital: Abuja

Population: 131,859,731

Country Map


The Geography of Nigeria

Total Size: 923,768 square km

Size Comparison: slightly more than twice the size of California

Geographical Coordinates: 10 00 N, 8 00 E

World Region: Africa

General Terrain: southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north

Geographical Low Point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Geographical High Point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 m

Climate: varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north

The People of Nigeria

Type of Government: federal republic

Languages Spoken: English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani

Independence: 1 October 1960 (from UK)

National Holiday: Independence Day (National Day), 1 October (1960)

Nationality: Nigerian(s)

Religions: Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%

Economy of Nigeria

Major Industries: crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; palm oil, peanuts, cotton, rubber, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel, small commercial ship construction and repair

Agricultural Products: cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish

Natural Resources: natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land

Major Exports: petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber

Major Imports: machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured goods, food and live animals

Currency: naira (NGN)

National GDP: $174,100,000,000

Total Export Revenue: $52,160,000,000

Brief History of Nigeria:

British influence and control over what would become Nigeria grew through the 19th century. A series of constitutions after World War II granted Nigeria greater autonomy; independence came in 1960. Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999, and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. The president faces the daunting task of reforming a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, the OBASANJO administration must defuse longstanding ethnic and religious tensions, if it is to build a sound foundation for economic growth and political stability. Although the April 2003 elections were marred by some irregularities, Nigeria is currently experiencing its longest period of civilian rule since independence.


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