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Madagascar

Country Flag

Capital: Antananarivo

Population: 18,595,469

Country Map


The Geography of Madagascar

Total Size: 587,040 square km

Size Comparison: slightly less than twice the size of Arizona

Geographical Coordinates: 20 00 S, 47 00 E

World Region: Africa

General Terrain: narrow coastal plain, high plateau and mountains in center

Geographical Low Point: Indian Ocean 0 m

Geographical High Point: Maromokotro 2,876 m

Climate: tropical along coast, temperate inland, arid in south

The People of Madagascar

Type of Government: republic

Languages Spoken: French (official), Malagasy (official)

Independence: 26 June 1960 (from France)

National Holiday: Independence Day, 26 June (1960)

Nationality: Malagasy (singular and plural)

Religions: indigenous beliefs 52%, Christian 41%, Muslim 7%

Economy of Madagascar

Major Industries: meat processing, soap, breweries, tanneries, sugar, textiles, glassware, cement, automobile assembly plant, paper, petroleum, tourism

Agricultural Products: coffee, vanilla, sugarcane, cloves, cocoa, rice, cassava (tapioca), beans, bananas, peanuts; livestock products

Natural Resources: graphite, chromite, coal, bauxite, salt, quartz, tar sands, semiprecious stones, mica, fish, hydropower

Major Exports: coffee, vanilla, shellfish, sugar, cotton cloth, chromite, petroleum products

Major Imports: capital goods, petroleum, consumer goods, food

Currency: Madagascar ariary (MGA)

National GDP: $16,360,000,000

Total Export Revenue: $951,000,000

Brief History of Madagascar:

Formerly an independent kingdom, Madagascar became a French colony in 1896, but regained its independence in 1960. During 1992-93, free presidential and National Assembly elections were held, ending 17 years of single-party rule. In 1997, in the second presidential race, Didier RATSIRAKA, the leader during the 1970s and 1980s, was returned to the presidency. The 2001 presidential election was contested between the followers of Didier RATSIRAKA and Marc RAVALOMANANA, nearly causing secession of half of the country. In April 2002, the High Constitutional Court announced RAVALOMANANA the winner.


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