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Guatemala Capital: Guatemala Population: 12,293,545 The Geography of Guatemala Total Size: 108,890 square km Size Comparison: slightly smaller than Tennessee Geographical Coordinates: 15 30 N, 90 15 W World Region: Central America and the Caribbean General Terrain: mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau Geographical Low Point: Pacific Ocean 0 m Geographical High Point: Volcan Tajumulco 4,211 m Climate: tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands The People of Guatemala Type of Government: constitutional democratic republic Languages Spoken: Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca) Independence: 15 September 1821 (from Spain) National Holiday: Independence Day, 15 September (1821) Nationality: Guatemalan(s) Religions: Roman Catholic, Protestant, indigenous Mayan beliefs Economy of Guatemala Major Industries: sugar, textiles and clothing, furniture, chemicals, petroleum, metals, rubber, tourism Agricultural Products: sugarcane, corn, bananas, coffee, beans, cardamom; cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens Natural Resources: petroleum, nickel, rare woods, fish, chicle, hydropower Major Exports: coffee, sugar, petroleum, apparel, bananas, fruits and vegetables, cardamom Major Imports: fuels, machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, grain, fertilizers, electricity Currency: quetzal (GTQ), US dollar (USD), others allowed National GDP: $56,860,000,000 Total Export Revenue: $3,940,000,000 Brief History of Guatemala: The Maya civilization flourished in Guatemala and surrounding regions during the first millennium A.D. After almost three centuries as a Spanish colony, Guatemala won its independence in 1821. During the second half of the 20th century, it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments, as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996, the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict, which had left more than 100,000 people dead and had created some 1 million refugees. Back to Geography Home Page

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