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Yemen Capital: Sanaa Population: 21,456,188 The Geography of Yemen Total Size: 527,970 square km Size Comparison: slightly larger than twice the size of Wyoming Geographical Coordinates: 15 00 N, 48 00 E World Region: Middle East General Terrain: narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains; dissected upland desert plains in center slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula Geographical Low Point: Arabian Sea 0 m Geographical High Point: Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb 3,760 m Climate: mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east The People of Yemen Type of Government: republic Languages Spoken: Arabic Independence: 22 May 1990 (Republic of Yemen established with the merger of the Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen] and the Marxist-dominated People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]); note - previously North Yemen had become independent in November of 1918 (from the Ottoman Empire) and South Yemen had become independent on 30 November 1967 (from the UK) National Holiday: Unification Day, 22 May (1990) Nationality: Yemeni(s) Religions: Muslim including Shaf'i (Sunni) and Zaydi (Shi'a), small numbers of Jewish, Christian, and Hindu Economy of Yemen Major Industries: crude oil production and petroleum refining; small-scale production of cotton textiles and leather goods; food processing; handicrafts; small aluminum products factory; cement; commercial ship repair Agricultural Products: grain, fruits, vegetables, pulses, qat, coffee, cotton; dairy products, livestock (sheep, goats, cattle, camels), poultry; fish Natural Resources: petroleum, fish, rock salt, marble; small deposits of coal, gold, lead, nickel, and copper; fertile soil in west Major Exports: crude oil, coffee, dried and salted fish Major Imports: food and live animals, machinery and equipment, chemicals Currency: Yemeni rial (YER) National GDP: $19,370,000,000 Total Export Revenue: $6,387,000,000 Brief History of Yemen: North Yemen became independent of the Ottoman Empire in 1918. The British, who had set up a protectorate area around the southern port of Aden in the 19th century, withdrew in 1967 from what became South Yemen. Three years later, the southern government adopted a Marxist orientation. The massive exodus of hundreds of thousands of Yemenis from the south to the north contributed to two decades of hostility between the states. The two countries were formally unified as the Republic of Yemen in 1990. A southern secessionist movement in 1994 was quickly subdued. In 2000, Saudi Arabia and Yemen agreed to a delimitation of their border. Back to Geography Home Page

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