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Solomon Islands Capital: Honiara Population: 552,438 The Geography of Solomon Islands Total Size: 28,450 square km Size Comparison: slightly smaller than Maryland Geographical Coordinates: 8 00 S, 159 00 E World Region: Oceania General Terrain: mostly rugged mountains with some low coral atolls Geographical Low Point: Pacific Ocean 0 m Geographical High Point: Mount Makarakomburu 2,447 m Climate: tropical monsoon; few extremes of temperature and weather The People of Solomon Islands Type of Government: parliamentary democracy Languages Spoken: Melanesian pidgin in much of the country is lingua franca; English is official but spoken by only 1%-2% of the population Independence: 7 July 1978 (from UK) National Holiday: Independence Day, 7 July (1978) Nationality: Solomon Islander(s) Religions: Church of Melanesia 32.8%, Roman Catholic 19%, South Seas Evangelical 17%, Seventh-Day Adventist 11.2%, United Church 10.3%, Christian Fellowship Church 2.4%, other Christian 4.4%, other 2.4%, unspecified 0.3%, none 0.2% (1999 census) Economy of Solomon Islands Major Industries: fish (tuna), mining, timber Agricultural Products: cocoa beans, coconuts, palm kernels, rice, potatoes, vegetables, fruit; timber; cattle, pigs; fish Natural Resources: fish, forests, gold, bauxite, phosphates, lead, zinc, nickel Major Exports: timber, fish, copra, palm oil, cocoa Major Imports: food, plant and equipment, manufactured goods, fuels, chemicals Currency: Solomon Islands dollar (SBD) National GDP: $800,000,000 Total Export Revenue: $171,000,000 Brief History of Solomon Islands: The UK established a protectorate over the Solomon Islands in the 1890s. Some of the bitterest fighting of World War II occurred on this archipelago. Self-government was achieved in 1976 and independence two years later. Ethnic violence, government malfeasance, and endemic crime have undermined stability and civil society. In June 2003, Prime Minister Sir Allen KEMAKEZA sought the assistance of Australia in reestablishing law and order; the following month, an Australian-led multinational force arrived to restore peace and disarm ethnic militias. The Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands (RAMSI) has been very effective in restoring law and order and rebuilding government institutions. Back to Geography Home Page

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