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Sierra Leone

Country Flag

Capital: Freetown

Population: 6,005,250

Country Map


The Geography of Sierra Leone

Total Size: 71,740 square km

Size Comparison: slightly smaller than South Carolina

Geographical Coordinates: 8 30 N, 11 30 W

World Region: Africa

General Terrain: coastal belt of mangrove swamps, wooded hill country, upland plateau, mountains in east

Geographical Low Point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Geographical High Point: Loma Mansa (Bintimani) 1,948 m

Climate: tropical; hot, humid; summer rainy season (May to December); winter dry season (December to April)

The People of Sierra Leone

Type of Government: constitutional democracy

Languages Spoken: English (official, regular use limited to literate minority), Mende (principal vernacular in the south), Temne (principal vernacular in the north), Krio (English-based Creole, spoken by the descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area, a lingua franca and a first language for 10% of the population but understood by 95%)

Independence: 27 April 1961 (from UK)

National Holiday: Independence Day, 27 April (1961)

Nationality: Sierra Leonean(s)

Religions: Muslim 60%, indigenous beliefs 30%, Christian 10%

Economy of Sierra Leone

Major Industries: diamond mining; small-scale manufacturing (beverages, textiles, cigarettes, footwear); petroleum refining, small commercial ship repair

Agricultural Products: rice, coffee, cocoa, palm kernels, palm oil, peanuts; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish

Natural Resources: diamonds, titanium ore, bauxite, iron ore, gold, chromite

Major Exports: diamonds, rutile, cocoa, coffee, fish

Major Imports: foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels and lubricants, chemicals

Currency: leone (SLL)

National GDP: $4,921,000,000

Total Export Revenue: $185,000,000

Brief History of Sierra Leone:

The government is slowly reestablishing its authority after the 1991 to 2002 civil war that resulted in tens of thousands of deaths and the displacement of more than 2 million people (about one-third of the population). The last UN peacekeepers withdrew in December 2005, leaving full responsibility for security with domestic forces, but a new civilian UN office remains to support the government. Mounting tensions related to planned 2007 elections, deteriorating political and economic conditions in Guinea, and the tenuous security situation in neighboring Liberia may present challenges to continuing progress in Sierra Leone's stability.


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