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Papua New Guinea Capital: Port Moresby Population: 5,670,544 The Geography of Papua New Guinea Total Size: 462,840 square km Size Comparison: slightly larger than California Geographical Coordinates: 6 00 S, 147 00 E World Region: Oceania General Terrain: mostly mountains with coastal lowlands and rolling foothills Geographical Low Point: Pacific Ocean 0 m Geographical High Point: Mount Wilhelm 4,509 m Climate: tropical; northwest monsoon (December to March), southeast monsoon (May to October); slight seasonal temperature variation The People of Papua New Guinea Type of Government: constitutional parliamentary democracy Languages Spoken: Melanesian Pidgin serves as the lingua franca, English spoken by 1%-2%, Motu spoken in Papua region Independence: 16 September 1975 (from the Australian-administered UN trusteeship) National Holiday: Independence Day, 16 September (1975) Nationality: Papua New Guinean(s) Religions: Roman Catholic 22%, Lutheran 16%, Presbyterian/Methodist/London Missionary Society 8%, Anglican 5%, Evangelical Alliance 4%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1%, other Protestant 10%, indigenous beliefs 34% Economy of Papua New Guinea Major Industries: copra crushing, palm oil processing, plywood production, wood chip production; mining of gold, silver, and copper; crude oil production, petroleum refining; construction, tourism Agricultural Products: coffee, cocoa, copra, palm kernels, tea, sugar, rubber, sweet potatoes, fruit, vegetables, vanilla; shell fish, poultry, pork Natural Resources: gold, copper, silver, natural gas, timber, oil, fisheries Major Exports: oil, gold, copper ore, logs, palm oil, coffee, cocoa, crayfish, prawns Major Imports: machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, fuels, chemicals Currency: kina (PGK) National GDP: $14,370,000,000 Total Export Revenue: $2,833,000,000 Brief History of Papua New Guinea: The eastern half of the island of New Guinea - second largest in the world - was divided between Germany (north) and the UK (south) in 1885. The latter area was transferred to Australia in 1902, which occupied the northern portion during World War I and continued to administer the combined areas until independence in 1975. A nine-year secessionist revolt on the island of Bougainville ended in 1997 after claiming some 20,000 lives. Back to Geography Home Page

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