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New Zealand

Country Flag

Capital: Wellington

Population: 4,076,140

Country Map


The Geography of New Zealand

Total Size: 268,680 square km

Size Comparison: about the size of Colorado

Geographical Coordinates: 41 00 S, 174 00 E

World Region: Oceania

General Terrain: predominately mountainous with some large coastal plains

Geographical Low Point: Pacific Ocean 0 m

Geographical High Point: Aoraki-Mount Cook 3,754 m

Climate: temperate with sharp regional contrasts

The People of New Zealand

Type of Government: parliamentary democracy

Languages Spoken: English (official), Maori (official)

Independence: 26 September 1907 (from UK)

National Holiday: Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)

Nationality: New Zealander(s)

Religions: Anglican 14.9%, Roman Catholic 12.4%, Presbyterian 10.9%, Methodist 2.9%, Pentecostal 1.7%, Baptist 1.3%, other Christian 9.4%, other 3.3%, unspecified 17.2%, none 26% (2001 census)

Economy of New Zealand

Major Industries: food processing, wood and paper products, textiles, machinery, transportation equipment, banking and insurance, tourism, mining

Agricultural Products: wheat, barley, potatoes, pulses, fruits, vegetables; wool, beef, lamb and mutton, dairy products; fish

Natural Resources: natural gas, iron ore, sand, coal, timber, hydropower, gold, limestone

Major Exports: dairy products, meat, wood and wood products, fish, machinery

Major Imports: machinery and equipment, vehicles and aircraft, petroleum, electronics, textiles, plastics

Currency: New Zealand dollar (NZD)

National GDP: $101,800,000,000

Total Export Revenue: $22,210,000,000

Brief History of New Zealand:

The Polynesian Maori reached New Zealand in about A.D. 800. In 1840, their chieftains entered into a compact with Britain, the Treaty of Waitangi, in which they ceded sovereignty to Queen Victoria while retaining territorial rights. In that same year, the British began the first organized colonial settlement. A series of land wars between 1843 and 1872 ended with the defeat of the native peoples. The British colony of New Zealand became an independent dominion in 1907 and supported the UK militarily in both World Wars. New Zealand's full participation in a number of defense alliances lapsed by the 1980s. In recent years, the government has sought to address longstanding Maori grievances.


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