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Lesotho Capital: Maseru Population: 2,022,331 The Geography of Lesotho Total Size: 30,355 square km Size Comparison: slightly smaller than Maryland Geographical Coordinates: 29 30 S, 28 30 E World Region: Africa General Terrain: mostly highland with plateaus, hills, and mountains Geographical Low Point: junction of the Orange and Makhaleng Rivers 1,400 m Geographical High Point: Thabana Ntlenyana 3,482 m Climate: temperate; cool to cold, dry winters; hot, wet summers The People of Lesotho Type of Government: parliamentary constitutional monarchy Languages Spoken: Sesotho (southern Sotho), English (official), Zulu, Xhosa Independence: 4 October 1966 (from UK) National Holiday: Independence Day, 4 October (1966) Nationality: Mosotho (singular), Basotho (plural) Religions: Christian 80%, indigenous beliefs 20% Economy of Lesotho Major Industries: food, beverages, textiles, apparel assembly, handicrafts, construction, tourism Agricultural Products: corn, wheat, pulses, sorghum, barley; livestock Natural Resources: water, agricultural and grazing land, diamonds, sand, clay, building stone Major Exports: manufactures 75% (clothing, footwear, road vehicles), wool and mohair, food and live animals (2000) Major Imports: food; building materials, vehicles, machinery, medicines, petroleum products (2000) Currency: loti (LSL); South African rand (ZAR) National GDP: $5,124,000,000 Total Export Revenue: $602,800,000 Brief History of Lesotho: Basutoland was renamed the Kingdom of Lesotho upon independence from the UK in 1966. The Basuto National Party ruled for the first two decades. King MOSHOESHOE was exiled in 1990, but returned to Lesotho in 1992 and reinstated in 1995. Constitutional government was restored in 1993 after 7 years of military rule. In 1998, violent protests and a military mutiny following a contentious election prompted a brief but bloody intervention by South African and Botswanan military forces under the aegis of the Southern African Development Community. Constitutional reforms have since restored political stability; peaceful parliamentary elections were held in 2002. Back to Geography Home Page

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