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Fiji Capital: Suva (on Viti Levu) Population: 905,949 The Geography of Fiji Total Size: 18,270 square km Size Comparison: slightly smaller than New Jersey Geographical Coordinates: 18 00 S, 175 00 E World Region: Oceania General Terrain: mostly mountains of volcanic origin Geographical Low Point: Pacific Ocean 0 m Geographical High Point: Tomanivi 1,324 m Climate: tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation The People of Fiji Type of Government: republic Languages Spoken: English (official), Fijian (official), Hindustani Independence: 10 October 1970 (from UK) National Holiday: Independence Day, second Monday of October (1970) Nationality: Fijian(s) Religions: Christian 52% (Methodist 37%, Roman Catholic 9%), Hindu 38%, Muslim 8%, other 2% Economy of Fiji Major Industries: tourism, sugar, clothing, copra, gold, silver, lumber, small cottage industries Agricultural Products: sugarcane, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), rice, sweet potatoes, bananas; cattle, pigs, horses, goats; fish Natural Resources: timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential, hydropower Major Exports: sugar, garments, gold, timber, fish, molasses, coconut oil Major Imports: manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, petroleum products, food, chemicals Currency: Fijian dollar (FJD) National GDP: $5,380,000,000 Total Export Revenue: $862,000,000 Brief History of Fiji: Fiji became independent in 1970, after nearly a century as a British colony. Democratic rule was interrupted by two military coups in 1987, caused by concern over a government perceived as dominated by the Indian community (descendants of contract laborers brought to the islands by the British in the 19th century). The coups and a 1990 constitution that cemented native Melanesian control of Fiji, led to heavy Indian emigration; the population loss resulted in economic difficulties, but ensured that Melanesians became the majority. A new constitution enacted in 1997 was more equitable. Free and peaceful elections in 1999 resulted in a government led by an Indo-Fijian, but a civilian-led coup in May 2000 ushered in a prolonged period of political turmoil. Parliamentary elections held in August 2001 provided Fiji with a democratically elected government led by Prime Minister Laisenia QARASE. Back to Geography Home Page

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