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Congo, Republic of the

Country Flag

Capital: Brazzaville

Population: 3,702,314

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The Geography of Congo, Republic of the

Total Size: 342,000 square km

Size Comparison: slightly smaller than Montana

Geographical Coordinates: 1 00 S, 15 00 E

World Region: Africa

General Terrain: coastal plain, southern basin, central plateau, northern basin

Geographical Low Point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Geographical High Point: Mount Berongou 903 m

Climate: tropical; rainy season (March to June); dry season (June to October); persistent high temperatures and humidity; particularly enervating climate astride the Equator

The People of Congo, Republic of the

Type of Government: republic

Languages Spoken: French (official), Lingala and Monokutuba (lingua franca trade languages), many local languages and dialects (of which Kikongo is the most widespread)

Independence: 15 August 1960 (from France)

National Holiday: Independence Day, 15 August (1960)

Nationality: Congolese (singular and plural)

Religions: Christian 50%, animist 48%, Muslim 2%

Economy of Congo, Republic of the

Major Industries: petroleum extraction, cement, lumber, brewing, sugar, palm oil, soap, flour, cigarettes

Agricultural Products: cassava (tapioca), sugar, rice, corn, peanuts, vegetables, coffee, cocoa; forest products

Natural Resources: petroleum, timber, potash, lead, zinc, uranium, copper, phosphates, gold, magnesium, natural gas, hydropower

Major Exports: petroleum, lumber, plywood, sugar, cocoa, coffee, diamonds

Major Imports: capital equipment, construction materials, foodstuffs

Currency: Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central

National GDP: $4,631,000,000

Total Export Revenue: $2,209,000,000

Brief History of Congo, Republic of the:

Upon independence in 1960, the former French region of Middle Congo became the Republic of the Congo. A quarter century of experimentation with Marxism was abandoned in 1990 and a democratically elected government took office in 1992. A brief civil war in 1997 restored former Marxist President Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO, and ushered in a period of ethnic and political unrest. Southern-based rebel groups agreed to a final peace accord in March 2003, but the calm is tenuous and refugees continue to present a humanitarian crisis. The Republic of Congo was once one of Africa's largest petroleum producers, but with declining production it will need to hope for new offshore oil finds to sustain its oil earnings over the long term.


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