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Burundi Capital: Bujumbura Population: 8,090,068 The Geography of Burundi Total Size: 27,830 square km Size Comparison: slightly smaller than Maryland Geographical Coordinates: 3 30 S, 30 00 E World Region: Africa General Terrain: hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains Geographical Low Point: Lake Tanganyika 772 m Geographical High Point: Heha 2,670 m Climate: equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; two wet seasons (February to May and September to November), and two dry seasons (June to August and December to January) The People of Burundi Type of Government: republic Languages Spoken: Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area) Independence: 1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration) National Holiday: Independence Day, 1 July (1962) Nationality: Burundian(s) Religions: Christian 67% (Roman Catholic 62%, Protestant 5%), indigenous beliefs 23%, Muslim 10% Economy of Burundi Major Industries: light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap; assembly of imported components; public works construction; food processing Agricultural Products: coffee, cotton, tea, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, bananas, manioc (tapioca); beef, milk, hides Natural Resources: nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum, vanadium, arable land, hydropower, niobium, tantalum, gold, tin, tungsten, kaolin, limestone Major Exports: coffee, tea, sugar, cotton, hides Major Imports: capital goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs Currency: Burundi franc (BIF) National GDP: $5,654,000,000 Total Export Revenue: $52,000,000 Brief History of Burundi: Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only 100 days in office, triggering widespread ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. Over 200,000 Burundians perished during the conflict that spanned almost a dozen years. Hundreds of thousands of Burundians were internally displaced or became refugees in neighboring countries. An internationally brokered power-sharing agreement between the Tutsi-dominated government and the Hutu rebels in 2003 paved the way for a transition process that led to an integrated defense force, established a new constitution in 2005, and elected a majority Hutu government in 2005. The new government, led by President Pierre NKURUNZIZA, signed a South African brokered ceasefire with the country's last rebel group in the summer of 2006 but still faces many challenges. Back to Geography Home Page

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